Brief Summary of Research Projects

List of Publications and other Research Activities.

Software Defects and Products Liability

Software engineering processes are inadequate to the task of producing safe, reliable systems. They always will be. This is not a new problem. However, software adds a new dimension to the problem because its unique nature renders much of the traditional engineering wisdom inapplicab\ le. Safety constraints for artifacts of engineering processes are derived primarily from social expectations. They have a powerful expression in the law of products liability. Judges and lawyers currently struggle to derive reasonable legal expectations with respect to the software artifact. Like the engineers, they have mainly the methods and tools based on [legal and technical] models created for traditionally engineered artifacts. My research questions the adequacy of the basic engineering and legal models used to address the problem of unsafe software systems. Insights gained from this work have important implications for both software engineering and the law.

I began my work by proposing a tool that could guide the software engineer through the requirments of the law of negligence for safety-critical software. This resulted in a paper presented at SAFECOMP '96 in Vienna, Austria. I worked on this project until it became obvious that there was something about software and its interface with current law that made a general solution impossible.

I then investigated the ability of the software engineering and the legal communities to reasonably define the software product and to outline socially acceptable limits of tort responsibility for software related personal injuries. I have a preliminary version of the main ideas published in a UCI Technical Report No. 99-17. I finished my dissertation entitled, "Software as Product: The Technical Challenges to Social Notions of Responsibility" in August of 1999.

Continuing this work, Professor Debra Richardson and I submitted a paper entitled, "Software Control and Strict Products Liability: A Technical Challenge to Current Legal Notions of Responsibility" published by the International Association of Science and Technology for Development, LawTech 2000 conference.

Further work continues by application of the principles to the management of software project risks in a draft paper, "Risk Management for Safety-Critical Software: A Unique Problem on the Horizon," published in the "Technology Report," a publication of the Technology Section of the Academy of Legal Studies in Business. This Journal may be found at www.rmi.gsu.edu/legal/technologyreport/techindex.htm (or at its permanent home www.alsb.org soon.)

We also begin some workflow efforts, based on the work cited above for Safecomp, and providing automated assistance for organizations involved with safety-critical legal risks. Our first attempt to model the situation was given for the IASTED Software Engineering and Applications conference in 2001, entitled, "Rethinking Software Process: The Key to Negligence Liability."

Currently, I am working on further development of the key legal principles and their specific application to common software code defects.

Software Copyright Law and Safety

I recently thought about the economic incentives promulgated by US Copyright Law, particularly the ability to copyright binary code while keeping the source as a trade secret. Besides the standard Open Source arguments for the "public good" I found that current law fosters some compromises in public safety of software controlled machines. Here is my recent slide presentation for the library, entitled, "Life, Death and Copyright, Really."

Satellite Work

Watch our polysat project We are designing and building Cubesats and a standard deployer here at Cal Poly! Tiny satellites powered by batteries and carrying amateur radio provide endless opportunities for fun and learning for the software crowd. Perhaps even more importantly, this forces our software engineers to interface with engineers from many other disciplines to achieve a common goal. For a good overview, refer to one of the papers recently published by our group, "Development of the Standard CubeSat Deployer and a CubeSat Class PicoSatellite". Some later work is included in our small satellite conference publication of "CubeSat: The Development and Launch Support Infrastructure for Eighteen Different Satellite Customers on One Launch".

Software Engineering Education

We have developed a new degree program in Software Engineering (in the approval process) and our preliminary results for the capstone design courses were published in ICEE in the summer of 2001. We've since published another paper for ICEE in 2003 and further work was published for ASEE in 2004. These pdf's are for your viewing only, please refer to the publications for reprints.


Clark Savage Turner

Department of Computer Science
California Polytechnic State University

San Luis Obispo, CA 93407
csturner@calpoly.edu